Greek alphabet spelled out in english3/20/2024 Ancient Greek fell into disuse in Western Europe in the Middle Ages but remained officially in use in the Byzantine world and was reintroduced to the rest of Europe with the Fall of Constantinople and Greek migration to western Europe. It was widely known throughout the Roman Empire. Ancient Greek: in its various dialects, the language of the Archaic and Classical periods of the ancient Greek civilization.It is recorded in the Linear B script on tablets dating from the 15th century BC onwards. Mycenaean Greek: the language of the Mycenaean civilization.The unity of Proto-Greek would have ended as Hellenic migrants entered the Greek peninsula sometime in the Neolithic era or the Bronze Age. Proto-Greek: the unrecorded but assumed last ancestor of all known varieties of Greek.The Greek language is conventionally divided into the following periods: Periods Proto-Greek-speaking area according to linguist Vladimir I. Among the Indo-European languages, its date of earliest written attestation is matched only by the now-extinct Anatolian languages. The earliest written evidence is a Linear B clay tablet found in Messenia that dates to between 14 BC, making Greek the world's oldest recorded living language. Greek has been spoken in the Balkan peninsula since around the 3rd millennium BC, or possibly earlier. Idealised portrayal of the author Homer History Greek roots have been widely used for centuries and continue to be widely used to coin new words in other languages Greek and Latin are the predominant sources of international scientific vocabulary. It is spoken by at least 13.5 million people today in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, Albania, Turkey, and the many other countries of the Greek diaspora. In its modern form, Greek is the official language of Greece and Cyprus and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. It eventually became the official language of the Byzantine Empire and developed into Medieval Greek. Together with the Latin texts and traditions of the Roman world, the Greek texts and Greek societies of antiquity constitute the objects of study of the discipline of Classics.ĭuring antiquity, Greek was by far the most widely spoken lingua franca in the Mediterranean world. The New Testament of the Christian Bible was also originally written in Greek. Greek is also the language in which many of the foundational texts in science and philosophy were originally composed. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of lasting importance in the European canon. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Greek ( Modern Greek: Ελληνικά, romanized: Elliniká, pronounced Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνική, romanized: Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Areas where Modern Greek is spoken (in dark blue those areas where it is the official language).
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